Final Exam Review

Martin Lel of Kenya is kissing the ground to celebrate coming in 1st. Martin Lel has trained his whole life for races and has consistently won them.

Ron Paul takes a breather after a long day of campaigning. Ron Paul has been involved in politics for many years and has been debating with his wife whether or not to run for president, and finally built up the courage to run in 2016.

1. Rule of thirds- subject of the photo is not in the middle but in the lower or upper third of the photo to create a more visually interesting photo

2. Balancing Elements- whenever the photo is balanced with objects on both sides of the image

3. Symmetry and Patterns- symmetry in nature like two zebras' heads crossing each other or like windows on a house in a pattern or something like that that makes a good image

4. Viewpoint- the position the photographer takes the photo from

5. Leading Lines- lines in nature or in the image that draws attention to the subject by leading to it.

6. Background- back of the scene of the image and lighting or design.

7. Create Depth- Using leading lines, shooting from a lower angle, messing with foreground, etc. create depth in photos

8. Framing- when something in the photo frames the subject, like shrubbery or a shadow or rocks, etc.

9. Cropping- removal of outer parts of the image to frame subject of the photo

10. Avoiding Mergers- whenever it looks like a tree is growing out of someones head or a background object is directly behind or in front of a subject.

Aperture- unit of measurement that defines the size of the opening in the lens that can be controlled to adjust the amount of light reaching the film or digital sensor

Shutter Speed- the amount of time the film or digital sensor is exposed to light

ISO- The measure of sensitivity to light to the image sensor

Ethics-

The type of photo manipulation that is acceptable in photography is things along the lines of removing facial blemishes on a wedding day, fixing the lighting, and cropping what is needed. When distorting a persons body to become unrecognizable, that is a moral issue. An example of this would be making an overweight person a size 2, or enhancing breast size or changing hair length/color, etc. 

Portraits-

Environmental- portrait taken of a subject where they normally reside, such as their workplace or home

Self- portrait of someone taken by that same someone

Casual- taken of the subjects face and the subject is normally wearing something more casual and something that reveals their lifestyle and character

Photographic Terms

Exposure- amount of light per unit area 

Depth of Field- distance between the nearest and farthest objects in the image

Focal Length- distance between the image sensor and lens

Magazine Covers

1. Early Magazine Covers-

These covers don't have color, probably because it was really expensive or not possible to print in color yet. Also, if a picture is available, it is usually very small and there are a lot of words on the cover. The titles are also not as big as they usually are nowadays.

2. The Poster Cover-

These covers are cool because they don't have any of the article previews on the side like magazines do nowadays. The front cover is filled from corner to corner with a photo. The photo does the talking in these covers because the photos are usually eye catching and contain vibrant colors to make up for the lack of words.

3. Pictures Married to Type- 

These portraits are eye catching because of the twisted fashion of the model's body. In the 60's these type of covers changed to a close up portrait of a model's face with a very expressive look on their face. This creates a very intriguing image to look at. 

4. In the Forest of Words-

The cover lines draw as much attention as the actual photo in some cases. The models are immersed in the cover lines like shrubbery in a forest. They become one with the topics. When literature and photography work together it creates something excellent.